Richard Tuttle

Richard Tuttle Untitled, 1971
Watercolour and felt-tip pen on paper, 27.9 x 21.6 cm

Richard Tuttle, Purple Octagonal, 1967
Dyed canvas, 139.2 x 141 cm

Richard Tuttle Walking on Air, 8, 2008
Dyed cotton, grommets, rope, and thread, in two parts
58.4 x 317.5 cm
The work of Richard Tuttle has been one of the cornerstones of my influences and inspiration since I discovered him during my BA, materialising the line with his Wire Pieces. Tuttle demonstrates drawing as the most flexible and expandable art form. His works are so delicately and beautifully nuanced that it is hard to know where to start, so I will carefully peel apart the various layers of similarities I want to imbue and circulate within my thinking during this MA.
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Tuttle says that ‘drawing is inside the person; not on the paper’ (Gross, J. 2015, p. 53). It ‘issues from a questioning mind, which inflects a physical impulse, which generates a gesture, which results in images that are saturated with rumination…a felt approximation of thinking itself’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 47). His way of making, drawing, is a sensitive activity and response of the mind and body’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 47).
His approach to drawing being ‘inside the person’ (Gross, J. 2015, p. 53) ‘emerging from memory embedded in his muscles’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 177) is something I cannot reiterate enough within my own approach to drawing, this is precisely where it comes from; from within. His works are a ‘means…of translating interior states into external expression; in a very direct way” (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 177) through physical activity (drawing), the expression moves through you, through the body, the focus here being on the experiential experience; ‘our own experience of our bodies is ‘pre-scientific’, primitive and immediate’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 177).
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It is in this immediacy that you are coming to know something; as Tuttle says, “the physical making of a drawing is very similar to comprehension…” as he ‘…intuits his way through’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 47). This is a thought process rooted in curiosity and questions, alert and ok with the idea of not knowing; ‘a pre-discursive state of mind’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 46). What a beautiful state to be in.
Richard Tuttle, Source of Imagery (In and Out) 1995-2010. Acrylic on fir ply, wooden block, 6 x 116,8 x 31,8 cm (fir ply) 3,5 x 3,5 x 3,5 cm (wooden block)



Richard Tuttle, Source of Imagery (Eminence), 1995-2010. Acrylic on fir ply, styrofoam block,
2 x 53,3 x 32,4 cm (fir ply) 3,5 x 3,5 x 3,5 cm (styrofoam block)

Richard Tuttle, Source of Imagery (Walla), From the series: 'Source of Imagery', 1995 - 2010. Acrylic on plywood, Styfrofoam block, 87 x 32 x 53 cm.

Richard Tuttle Letters (The Twenty-Six Series), 1966
Galvanized iron, twenty-six parts. Each approximately 15.2 x 22.9 x 1.6 cm, overall dimensions variable

Richard Tuttle, 26 (Installation View), 2016 at Pace Gallery
I think it is because of this process that his works appear so transitory. His use of line, which extends into all his works, is one that ‘announces an emerging but still unknown thought and direction’ it is in the process of evolution right before your very eyes, like it is caught in the motions of its becoming—often described as ‘unmoored’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 46), ‘as to have an air of something only fleeting and only momentarily captured, like a breath’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 51). And again, here I am, drawn back to works that have an elusive relation to breathing.
This elusive manner extends into the fact that the things Tuttle makes are nameless objects. Things that are hard to define, ineffable to words or recognition… ‘recognition – which…is always deliberately forestalled. An eloquent expanding field deliberately resistant to conventional transcription’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p.19). They are materialised ‘thought activity occurring in the gaps between language and things’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 173). It is exactly here, in the in-between, that the most interesting things start to happen.
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Firstly, in how you go about understanding these objects. Because they have no referent, they represent only themselves, ‘it is its own realisation, separate and discrete, an autonomous and active player in a pictorial field’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 47). I find this encouraging as I work hard to keep referents very loose in my work, especially in relation to the body. Most importantly to me is the following quote, ‘they are characters, in every sense of the word: works of uncanny individuality, with eccentric, self-congruent traits, specific features, “personhoods”’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 18, 19). Allowing the works their own identity so they can become things in and of themselves is paramount to me, as that is the point at which it is separate from me; I have ‘step[ped] out of the work’ as Tuttle puts it (Poetter, J. 1993, p. 19). I think, if anything, I want to play on that notion of personhoods and characters more so they feel like something you can relate to. Tuttle makes use of the installation to bring about this connection, in that his works often address the viewer from the same space as them ‘…works [that] are freestanding…share the same space of lived experience as our own bodies, they seem singularly animated – playful, a bit sloppy…they earn our respect and affection while stirring our own sense of vulnerability (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 54) This is a method I fully intend on using in my installations.
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Secondly, to bring it back to the space of the in-between, Tuttle actively navigates ‘this nebulous position between hovering near and touching’ (Poetter, J. 1993, p. 84) multiple artistic practices, combining but also undoing, drawing, sculpture, and painting which hold connections between line, object, the wall, the floor, and back again. Spaces that I, too, want to occupy. This leads me to how Tuttle uses the ‘possibilities lurking in the basic materials inherent qualities’ (Poetter, J. 1993, p. 20) and marries this up with installations that are ‘unconditionally site responsive’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 43).
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His works are made of materials that are so humble; you could even call them basic. ‘They are structurally transparent’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 19), sometimes too much, as they can appear unfinished or scrappy. Here, I depart from Tuttle quite distinctly as, while I am always honest about my materials and their making (for example, visible welds, which I don’t cover up), there is a certain amount of finish to my work. I adore his works that have a formal quality, like those that I have illustrated this page with. But this finish is not something I see overall in Tuttle’s work; his is more rough and ready, a splicing together of un-sanded edges and sometimes looks like the perfectly placed contents of a bin. While I might not wholly align with him materially, I do, however, when he uses these materials to have a conversation around line, shape, colour, weight, and space, he does this in the most poetic way. Here, they become like ‘drawings of three-dimensional structures in space’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 36) and an ‘unfolding sequence of visual surprises’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 54).

Richard Tuttle New Mexico, New York, D, #13 1998
Acrylic on plywood, 53.6 x 71.1 cm (irregular)

Richard Tuttle Source of Imagery IV, 1995 - 2010
plywood and wooden block, 78.7 x 52.1 x 24.1 cm

Richard Tuttle Whiteness 6 1994
Styrofoam, paper, colored pencil, graphite, latex paint, plywood, enamel, nails, cotton cloth, galvanized metal, and masking tape, 201.9 x 182.3 x 6.9 cm

Richard Tuttle Source of Imagery VI 1995
Paint on plywood, styrofoam block, 9 x 83,8 x 27,3 cm
His works have a presence that lingers; like sensation or energy, they flicker with honesty and fragility. I believe this activation comes about in his work because ‘it is crucial to the artwork that it be put in a ‘situation’… it is the object only and not the site that demands these definitive circumstances in order to achieve that sense of ‘rightness’ Tuttle always seeks which makes the piece come alive’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 43) This ability to make it come alive is the point I am currently at when showing my work, trying to find that ‘rightness’ is a very gentle kind of touch and a relationship that flits between the work and its site.
This problematisation of ‘rightness’ becomes twofold when the works also have multiple ways to be installed; a similarity is shared in my work. Especially in the example of Tuttle’s octagonal works, where ‘they have no back, no front, no up or down, they may be attached to the wall or spread out on the floor. Imagine making an object which will maintain its integrity in all circumstances’ (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 36). That challenge to make something that has integrity in all situations is something that fascinates me. I love the capacity that it can imbue an object with, despite how difficult it is to achieve. I believe Tuttle’s installation of these sorts of works to be very successful in functioning this way, an unmediated relationship in making works and spaces come to life.
What fascinates me with Tuttle’s installations and objects is his use of scale. It regularly keeps me reconsidering the need to make bigger work because bigger does not always equal better. By keeping to a smaller scale, a more human scale, the works ‘oblige us to scrutinise them more closely, so too do they insist on an intensified apprehension of their, and our, surroundings, without in any way “filling up” much actual space…relies on an impeccable sense of measure and proportion…of the object in relation to one’s body and to the room” (Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. 2005, p. 44). I want to sharpen my ability to make smaller pieces work harder in this way to tighten up my installations.
As colour becomes more apparent in my work during this unit, reading into Tuttle’s relationship with using colour alongside the line has been very insightful. The following three quotes have been invaluable to me in thinking about what it means to use colour and understanding where I want to sit with this in my own practice. ‘One of colour’s greatest appeals for Tuttle is its ability to traverse space…colour was able to move deftly through space, both applied to surfaces of and across the transitions between materials, at times permeating them’ (Gross, J. 2015, p. 56). ‘The colour patch would lay claim to its territory, the line would trespass all borders’ (Poetter, J. 1993, p. 83). And here, talking about how colour is entirely different to the line in that it ‘lies down on the area, spreads out, coating and covering or becoming a transparent veil. It knows no temporal process but instead is mere existence. Colour is a fixed place to linger, it cherishes contemplation and prefers not to be disturbed…still, colour is dependent on the line, for otherwise, it would flow away without restraint…if it wants to be something, it must also be a form.’ (Poetter, J. 1993, p. 83) I think these words perfectly sum up how colour and line can come together as material entities, that they do different things, but ultimately it comes down to how they hold presence and space. Colour isn’t something I feel naturally confident with, but aligning colour with the material sensibilities of action, that it can ‘lie down’ or ‘linger’ bumps it into the realm of doing, thinking about it sculpturally, and that is somewhere I feel more confident.
The fact that ‘if colour wants to be something, it must also be a form’ leads me to my last point regarding the wooden pieces I have been making and the necessity I felt for them to have a colour. It was a happy coincidence finding this quote and having made coloured forms. I resonate with Tuttle’s pieces made of plywood, odd and awkward shapes, standing, leaning, and performing in particular ways. Despite their three-dimensionality, that they are an object, there is something in their flatness, which goes back to the 2d of paper and the 2d of things on walls. In a way, it’s like a role reversal of bringing the line into 3d and taking the object back to 2d. The unconventional hang of Tuttle’s installation is one of my favourite things; how they are assembled, sitting at varying heights, on the floor, halfway up a wall, creating a visual engagement you are quietly coerced to move about with, that ‘readily functions as a paradox of stasis and motion and as a boundary or connection between things’ (Gross, J. 2015, p. 54).
Gross, J. (2015) ‘Drawing/Richard Tuttle/Drawing’ in Gross, J. Butler, C. Chaffee, C. Roberts, V. & Sullivan, L. (2015) Drawing Redefined, Roni Horn, Esther Klas, Joelle Tuerlinckx, Richard Tuttle and Jorinde Voigtby. Yale University Press
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Grynsztejn, M. & Butler C. (2005) The Art of Richard Tuttle. San Francisco Museum of Modern Art
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Poetter, J. (1993) Richard Tuttle: Chaos, die / The Form. Cantz Editions
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MoMA (2022) Richard Tuttle (online) Available at: https://www.moma.org/artists/5983 (accessed 23/03/2022)
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David Kordansky Gallery (2022) Richard Tuttle (online) Available at: https://www.davidkordanskygallery.com/artist/richard-tuttle (accessed 23/03/2022)
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Pace Gallery (2022) Richard Tuttle (online) Available at: https://www.pacegallery.com/artists/richard-tuttle/ (accessed 23/03/2022)
Pace Gallery (2019) Richard Tuttle: Double Corners and Colored Wood (online) Available at: https://www.pacegallery.com/exhibitions/richard-tuttle/ (accessed 11/04/2022)
Frieze (2010) Richard Tuttle, Galleri Nicolai Wallner, Copenhagen, Denmark, By Chris Fite-Wassilak in Reviews (online) Available at: https://www.frieze.com/article/richard-tuttle-0 (accessed 11/04/2022)
Galleri Nicolai Wallner (2010) Source of Imagery, 1995 – 2010, Richard Tuttle, May 28 – July 24, 2010 (online) Available at: https://nicolaiwallner.com/exhibition/exhibition_10/ (accessed 11/04/2022)